Diseases in dogs are often age-related , as their average life expectancy has increased significantly. Certain breeds or those with specific characteristics are more prone to certain diseases. It is advisable to take your dog to the vet for regular check-ups in order to detect illnesses at an early stage. A healthy diet , sufficient exercise, appropriate care and vaccinations can prevent many dog ​​diseases.

Common and dangerous dog diseases

Dog diseases are often similar to those of humans. For example, dogs often suffer from gastrointestinal, eye, ear, nose and throat or organ diseases as well as tumors and parasites . Below you will find a list of the ten most common and dangerous dog diseases:

The 10 most common dog diseases

1. Gastrointestinal diseases

Typical signs of dog diseases in the gastrointestinal tract are vomiting, diarrhea or constipation . Since dogs are omnivores, it is common for them to ingest something that disrupts their digestion or even harms them. Parasites can also cause gastrointestinal problems. Stomach torsion is an acute emergency in dogs that requires immediate surgical treatment by a veterinarian. Symptoms can include a bloated stomach, gagging and restless behavior. Learn more

2. Parasites

Dogs are particularly susceptible to ticks, fleas, worms and mites . In general, parasites do not pose an immediate threat to the life of four-legged friends. However, they can transmit serious diseases such as Lyme disease. Fleas are often carriers of tapeworms. An infestation with ticks, mites or fleas often manifests itself as skin rashes . Intestinal worms can cause dog diseases such as giardia, which can result in symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting . Learn more

3. Allergies

It is unpredictable when and why a dog develops allergies. Fleas or mites can, among other things, trigger allergic reactions in four-legged friends. Certain foods can also cause allergic symptoms such as skin rashes, hair loss or itching . Unlike humans, dogs do not show respiratory problems when they have allergies. For example, hay fever manifests itself as hay itching. Learn more

4. Rashes

Sensitive skin is a common problem for many dogs. A common cause is skin inflammation resulting from allergic reactions , known as atopic dermatitis. This is often caused by contact with allergy-causing substances or an infestation with ectoparasites, i.e. parasites that live on the surface of the host. In addition, inadequate grooming can cause skin rashes in dogs. Learn more

5. Teeth

Without proper dental care, dogs also develop dental problems, such as tartar buildup . Although there are special chews and bones that are intended to serve as a preventive measure, some of these products often contain a lot of sugar, which in turn can lead to obesity. It is therefore essential that dog owners allow their animals to brush their teeth with a toothbrush. Learn more

6. Weight problems

Obesity is more common in dogs than malnutrition. This can lead to problems in the cardiovascular system or diseases such as diabetes mellitus . It is important to understand that dogs generally will not stop eating on their own if they are continually offered food. It is therefore crucial that owners ensure that their dog has a balanced diet and ensure that the animal receives sufficient exercise on a regular basis. Learn more

7. Intervertebral disc

Smaller dogs are more likely to suffer from herniated discs, in which the gelatinous nucleus of an intervertebral disc breaks through the fibrous ring. This is where the common term “dachshund paralysis” comes from. If this gelatinous nucleus presses on nerves, severe pain can occur. Because of their long backs, Dachshunds are particularly susceptible to herniated discs, but this problem can occur in dogs of all breeds.

8. Hip joint

This orthopedic disease in dogs is a misalignment of the hip joint that often occurs in larger breeds. It can cause severe pain in affected animals and lead to restricted mobility .

9. Cataracts

Cataracts are one of the most common aging diseases in dogs . Treatment for this eye disease often involves surgical removal of the cloudy lens. However, the decision for or against such an intervention should be carefully considered. Dogs rely heavily on their other senses, which are often much more acute than humans. For example, they can orient themselves well using their sense of hearing and smell, which means that vision is not their primary sensory organ.

A common disease in dogs is otitis , an inflammation of the ears that can be caused by bacteria, fungi or parasites. A dark brown mass forms in the inner ear and the ear can smell unpleasant. It is advisable to consult a veterinarian who can prescribe appropriate medication and show you how to clean your dog's ears.

Dangerous dog diseases

It is not easy to determine which dog disease is the most dangerous, as there are several diseases that can be fatal if not detected and treated in time.

1. Pavovirosis is an extremely contagious viral infection that can be fatal. In puppies, pavovirus can attack the heart muscle and cause lifelong heart problems.

2. Stomach torsion occurs when your dog devours his food too quickly.

3. Kidney failure can occur in chronic or acute form. Effective treatment is often difficult for chronic kidney failure. Acute kidney failure can be caused by poisoning or infection. The disease leishmaniasis is becoming more and more important.

4. Heartworm is a parasite that lives in the heart and pulmonary arteries of dogs and can damage arteries and vital organs.

5. Distemper and kennel cough are highly contagious viral diseases, with distemper being transmitted through nasal contact and kennel cough primarily affecting unvaccinated dogs and puppies.

6. Tick-borne diseases such as Lyme disease, Ehrlichiosis, babesiosis and anaplasmosis often manifest as lethargy and fever in dogs.

8. Cancer is particularly common in older dogs and is one of the most common causes of death in these animals.

It's important to note that even small changes in your dog's behavior can indicate a potentially dangerous illness. For this reason, it is advisable to watch your four-legged friend carefully. Regular checkups are crucial to prevent dangerous dog diseases, as many of them can be fatal. In addition, some dog diseases are contagious, so if your dog is infected with distemper or parvovirus, for example, it can infect other dogs.

Other common dog diseases:

1. Osteoarthritis in dogs: Osteoarthritis in dogs is a chronic joint disease that is often caused by excessive wear and tear or misalignment. Typical symptoms include reluctance to move, difficulty getting up and lameness.

2. Pancreatitis in dogs: Pancreatitis can occur acutely or chronically and lead to serious organ damage. The causes are often a high-fat diet, circulatory problems or diabetes. Symptoms are non-specific such as diarrhea, weakness and fever.

3. Conjunctivitis in dogs: Common eye disease caused by external stimuli, pathogens or genetic factors. Symptoms include red eyes, itching and increased tearing.

4. Cruciate ligament rupture in dogs: Caused by wear and tear of the anterior cruciate ligament, manifested by lameness and unusual sitting posture. X-rays and MRIs are required for diagnosis.

5. Addison's disease in dogs: Rare disease with underactive adrenal glands, triggered by immune system disorders. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite and fatigue.

6. Spondylosis in dogs: Degenerative wear and tear of the spine, often caused by genetics or overload. Symptoms include discomfort when standing up, walking and sensitive reactions to touch in the back area. Diagnosis is made through x-rays and palpation by the veterinarian.

How do I know if my dog ​​is sick?

Some dog diseases do not show any obvious symptoms. Since your dog is unable to communicate his symptoms, it is important to carefully monitor his behavior. If you notice one or more of the following signs of illness, it is advisable to take your dog to the vet just to be on the safe side.

Common symptoms

• Coughing and sneezing
• Strong bad breath
• Vomiting or diarrhea
• Straw, discolored and shaggy fur
• Difficulty getting up and lying down
• Slow, stiff movements
• Lameness

Unusual behavior

• Your dog is not hungry or is eating less than normal.
• The animal sleeps a lot, hides away and refuses to go for walks.
• The four-legged friend scratches and licks himself more than usual in certain places or no longer allows himself to be touched there.
• Your dog is more affectionate than usual and won't let you out of his sight.
• The animal slides its bottom across the floor.

Prevent diseases in dogs

The same principles of exercise, healthy eating and fresh air apply to both us humans and your dog. By following these tips, you can prevent many dog ​​diseases.

Health problems in four-legged friends often result not from specific dog diseases, but from their diet and lifestyle. You can apply these general health tips, which are also relevant to humans (except medication), to your dog:

• a lot of movement
• balanced, healthy food
• fresh air
• Cleanliness and regular grooming

You can prevent specific dog diseases through vaccinations and regular check-ups at the vet - but a much more elegant and cost-effective method is to preventively strengthen the animal's health through nutritional supplements and high-quality feeding .

Are there breeds that are particularly susceptible to disease?

Dachshund paralysis , also known as dachshund paralysis , describes a herniated disc in the dachshund. However, it is a mistake to assume that dachshunds are particularly susceptible to this disease. In fact, Dachshund paralysis generally affects short-legged dogs that have relatively longer backs.

Dog breeds with long fur, floppy ears, or facial hair that hangs over the eyes are often susceptible to skin diseases or parasites . However, these problems can affect any dog ​​if regular preventative care and grooming are not carried out.

These pedigree dogs are particularly susceptible to illness:

Australian Shepherd:

Because of the Merle gene, dogs usually have blue eyes. However, since this is a genetic defect, puppies are often born blind or deaf.

Dachshund:

Increased risk of Dachshund paralysis, a disease of the intervertebral discs.

French bulldog:

Eye and conjunctivitis as well as breathing problems caused by breeding. Skin problems can also occur.

Labrador Retrievers:

Frequent obesity. Tendency to hip and elbow dysplasia.

Poodle:

Large dogs often suffer from hip dysplasia. Small dogs often have retinal atrophy and cataracts.

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